What the American
public should know about national parks and monuments:
What
is a national monument?
What is a
national memorial?
How
are national monuments and memorials established?
What are
the standards for establishing National Park System
units?
What is
the National Park Trust?
What
would National Park Trust’s role be in establishing
a national memorial?
Your
Vote of Support for the September 11 Memorial
What is a national
monument?
According to the
National Park Index, “A national monument is intended to preserve
at least one nationally significant resource.
It is usually smaller than a national park and
lacks its diversity of attractions.”
Currently, there are
over 84 million
acres of parkland in the National Park System.
Of those, just over two million acres are
national monuments.
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What is a national
memorial?
According to the
National Park Index, “The title 'national memorial' is most often
used for areas that are primarily commemorative.
They need not be sites or structures
historically associated with their subjects.”
There are 8,057 acres classified
as national memorials in our system of national parks.
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How are national
monuments and memorials established?
Both Congress and the President can take the
initiative in establishing units of the National Park
Service. Congress can enact a bill establishing
the unit. The President has authority under the
Antiquities Act of 1907 to establish monuments.
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What are the standards
for establishing National Park System units?
Establishing a national monument
is a scrupulous process. It
is important that the full process be followed to
avoid problems and delays. So how does Congress
and the President determine that a prospective area is
suitable for a monument or a memorial? The
National Park System details the three criteria
to examine when studying a particular issue.
Does
it have National
Significance?
- It is an outstanding example of a particular
type of resource.
- It possesses exceptional value or quality in
illustrating or interpreting the natural or
cultural themes of our Nation's heritage.
- It offers superlative opportunities for
recreation, for public use and enjoyment, or for
scientific study.
- It retains a high degree of integrity as a true,
accurate, and relatively unspoiled example of the
resource.
Suitability
and Feasibility
-
The suitability is determined
from studying what a prospective site
represents. If the site can show a need to
represent a natural or cultural theme or a type of
natural resource, it will be considered.
-
Such
questions of size, configuration cost of
ownership and cost of management determine
feasibility.
Management
Options
-
Alternatives to National Park
Service management might adequately protect
resources even if they are significant, suitable,
and feasible additions to the system. If an
alternative agency can provide better protection,
as with the Forest Service management of Mount St.
Helens, while providing adequate access, that
should be considered.
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What is the National
Park Trust?
Founded
in 1983, National Park Trust (NPT) is the only land
conservancy uniquely dedicated to preserving America's
national system of parks, wildlife refuges, and
historic monuments. The National Park Trust stands
ready to protect America's parklands and wildlife. NPT
is a tax-exempt charitable organization under Section
501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and
contributions are tax-deductible.
The
National Park Trust publishes the Parkland News to
help you and other members of the public stay
informed about challenges and developments facing our
parks and our environment.
The
National Park Trust is the only private organization
specifically authorized by Congress to own and
administer a unit of the National Park System, the
Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve, in Kansas.
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What would
National Park Trust’s role be in establishing a
national memorial?
The National Park Trust will use the funds for the
Memorial to do the following:
- To raise
public awareness through the press,
media, mail, the internet and other
communication methods,
- To meet with members of Congress, the press and
others to educate all parties about the
legislation,
- To
assist the implementation of a study of a memorial by a
commission in accordance with National Park
Service guidelines, and
- To assist in implementing the recommendations of
the commission.
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